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Table of Contents

Jack Clark co-founded Anthropic in January 2021 and leads the Anthropic Institute, an effort to share research 
from across Anthropic with external partners and the public, working together to address the biggest questions 
posed by powerful AI systems. Prior to co-founding Anthropic, Mr. Clark served as Policy Director at OpenAI, 
where he was responsible for OpenAI’s engagement with governments and regulators on questions related to AI 
development.  Before  joining  OpenAI,  Mr.  Clark  was  a  technology  journalist  covering  supercomputers,  neural 
networks,  and  advanced  technology,  writing  for  publications  including  The  Register  and  BusinessWeek.  Mr. 
Clark also authors “Import AI,” a widely read newsletter on AI research developments.

Jared Kaplan co-founded Anthropic in January 2021 and serves as our Chief Science Officer. Dr. Kaplan is a 
theoretical physicist and AI researcher and is one of the principal authors of the neural scaling laws that have 
shaped  modern  LLM  development,  which  identify  power-law  relationships  governing  the  performance  of  AI 
systems as a function of model size, dataset size, and compute; he also helped pioneer Constitutional AI. Prior 
to co-founding Anthropic, Dr. Kaplan was a researcher at OpenAI and an associate professor of physics at Johns 
Hopkins University, where he taught courses on the foundations of deep learning. He holds a Ph.D. in Physics 
from Harvard University and a bachelor’s degree in Physics and Mathematics from Stanford University.

Sam McCandlish co-founded Anthropic in January 2021 and serves as our Chief Architect. Dr. McCandlish is a 
theoretical physicist and machine learning researcher specializing in large-scale model training and AI systems 
architecture.  Prior  to  co-founding  Anthropic,  Dr.  McCandlish  made  significant  contributions  to  AI  safety 
research at OpenAI, where he built and led a team focused on the science and scaling of machine learning; his 
work  on  scaling  laws  helped  pave  the  way  for  large-scale  advancements  in  AI,  including  the  development  of 
GPT-3.  He  holds  a  Ph.D.  in  Physics  from  Stanford  University  and  a  bachelor’s  degree  in  Mathematics  and 
Physics from Brandeis University.

Christopher Olah co-founded Anthropic in January 2021 and leads our interpretability research efforts. Prior to 
co-founding  Anthropic,  Mr.  Olah  led  interpretability  research  at  OpenAI  and,  before  that,  was  a  research 
scientist at Google Brain (now part of Google DeepMind). Mr. Olah is widely recognized as a foundational figure 
in the field of mechanistic interpretability. More broadly, his work has been widely cited across a range of topics 
in AI.

Philanthropy

We  founded  Anthropic  on  the  belief  that  the  most  transformative  technology  in  human  history  demands  an 
extraordinary  level  of  responsibility,  and  that  responsibility  extends  far  beyond  building  safe  systems.  We 
intend to direct a meaningful portion of our resources toward ensuring that frontier AI is safe and its benefits 
are broadly distributed, which we refer to as our public benefit initiatives. These initiatives include the Initial 
Public Benefit Issuance and the future Public Benefit Issuances. In addition, our co-founders have each pledged 
to  dedicate  80%  of  their  personal  equity  in  Anthropic  to  philanthropic  causes.  For  additional  information 
regarding  these  pledges,  including  related  risks,  see  the  section  titled  “Risk  Factors—Risks  Related  to 
Ownership of our Class A Common Stock.” Separate from the co-founders’ pledges, we also maintain a donation 
matching  program  through  which  employees  can  pledge  a  meaningful  portion  of  their  equity  awards  toward 
charitable  giving,  which  we  match  with  shares  of  our  Class  N  common  stock.  Further,  certain  donor-advised 
funds  may  from  time  to  time  receive  donations  of  shares  directly  from  us  or  from  one  or  more  of  our 
stockholders,  and  we  are  party  to  certain  irrevocable  proxy  agreements  with  such  donor-advised  funds,  as 
described under “Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions—Irrevocable Proxy Agreements.”

Class E Common Stock

Our Class E common stock will not have any right to vote except on certain specified matters (or as otherwise 
required  by  law):  the  nomination  or  proposed  removal  of  the  Specified  Class  T  Director  or  a  change  in  the 
director designated as the Specified Class T Director (in circumstances where our NGC does not concur with the 
LTBT’s proposed action) and certain proposals to amend the terms of the LTBT and the rights of our Class T 
common stock or to redeem our Class T common stock. 

When voting upon a proposal to nominate or remove the Specified Class T Director or a change in the director 
designated as the Specified Class T Director (in circumstances where our NGC does not concur with the LTBT’s 
proposed action), the requisite approval of our Class E common stock will require a majority of votes cast by 

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